KPV

Description

Targeted Immunomodulatory & Anti-Inflammatory Tripeptide

KPV is a C-terminal tripeptide fragment of the alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ($alpha$-MSH). Composed of the amino acids L-Lysine, L-Proline, and L-Valine, KPV retains the powerful anti-inflammatory properties of the full-length hormone while lacking the melanotropic amino acid sequence responsible for skin pigmentation. This makes it an ideal candidate for research into localized and systemic inflammatory modulation.

The Science of Action

KPV functions primarily through its interaction with intracellular signaling pathways rather than surface receptors, allowing it to modulate the immune response at the nuclear level.

• NF-$kappa$B Inhibition: KPV has been shown to inhibit the translocation of Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-$kappa$B), a primary “master switch” for the inflammatory response. By blocking this pathway, it reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1$beta$, and TNF-$alpha$.

• Antimicrobial Properties: Beyond simple inflammation, research indicates that KPV possesses innate antimicrobial effects, specifically against pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, by disrupting their cellular homeostasis.

• Intestinal Epithelial Support: In gastric research models, KPV has demonstrated the ability to enter intestinal cells directly via the PepT1 transporter, helping to stabilize the mucosal lining and reduce colitic inflammation.

Biochemical Specifications